This document explains how to make and manage one or more Internet
radio feeds using [[http://musicpd.org][MusicPD]] and [[http://www.icecast.org/][Icecast]] 2.

<contents>

* Install the packages

If you're using Ubuntu, you will want the =mpd=, =mpc=, and =icecast2=
packages, along with their dependencies.  I recommend using MusicPD
version 0.13.0 or greater, because several important shoutcast-related
bugs were fixed in that release.

* Icecast settings

Now I will provide sample configurations files for each part of the
setup.  Here's my =/etc/icecast2/icecast.xml= file, with commented-out
items removed and passwords scrubbed.

<src lang="xml">
<icecast>
    <limits>
        <clients>100</clients>
        <sources>10</sources>
        <threadpool>5</threadpool>
        <queue-size>524288</queue-size>
        <client-timeout>60</client-timeout>
        <header-timeout>30</header-timeout>
        <source-timeout>20</source-timeout>
        <!-- If enabled, this will provide a burst of data when a client 
             first connects, thereby significantly reducing the startup 
             time for listeners that do substantial buffering. However,
             it also significantly increases latency between the source
             client and listening client.  For low-latency setups, you
             might want to disable this. -->
        <burst-on-connect>1</burst-on-connect>
        <!-- same as burst-on-connect, but this allows for being more
             specific on how much to burst. Most people won't need to
             change from the default 64k. Applies to all mountpoints  -->
        <burst-size>65535</burst-size>
    </limits>

    <authentication>
        <!-- Sources log in with username 'source' -->
        <source-password>password_1</source-password>
        <!-- Relays log in username 'relay' -->
        <relay-password>password_2</relay-password>

        <!-- Admin logs in with the username given below -->
        <admin-user>admin</admin-user>
        <admin-password>password_3</admin-password>
    </authentication>

    <!-- Uncomment this if you want directory listings -->
    <directory>
        <yp-url-timeout>15</yp-url-timeout>
        <yp-url>http://dir.xiph.org/cgi-bin/yp-cgi</yp-url>
    </directory>

    <!-- This is the hostname other people will use to connect to your server.
    It affects mainly the urls generated by Icecast for playlists and yp
    listings. -->
    <hostname>music.purduelug.org</hostname>

    <!-- You may have multiple <listener> elements -->
    <listen-socket>
        <port>8000</port>
        <!-- <bind-address>127.0.0.1</bind-address> -->
    </listen-socket>

    <fileserve>1</fileserve>

    <paths>
		<!-- basedir is only used if chroot is enabled -->
        <basedir>/usr/share/icecast2</basedir>

        <!-- Note that if <chroot> is turned on below, these paths must both
             be relative to the new root, not the original root -->
        <logdir>/var/log/icecast2</logdir>
        <webroot>/usr/share/icecast2/web</webroot>
        <adminroot>/usr/share/icecast2/admin</adminroot>
        <!-- <pidfile>/usr/share/icecast2/icecast.pid</pidfile> -->

        <!-- Aliases: treat requests for 'source' path as being for 'dest' path
             May be made specific to a port or bound address using the "port"
             and "bind-address" attributes.
          -->
        <!--
        <alias source="/foo" dest="/bar"/>
          -->
        <!-- Aliases: can also be used for simple redirections as well,
             this example will redirect all requests for http://server:port/ to
             the status page
          -->
        <alias source="/" dest="/status.xsl"/>
    </paths>

    <logging>
        <accesslog>access.log</accesslog>
        <errorlog>error.log</errorlog>
        <!-- <playlistlog>playlist.log</playlistlog> -->
      	<loglevel>2</loglevel> <!-- 4 Debug, 3 Info, 2 Warn, 1 Error -->
      	<logsize>10000</logsize> <!-- Max size of a logfile -->
        <!-- If logarchive is enabled (1), then when logsize is reached
             the logfile will be moved to [error|access|playlist].log.DATESTAMP,
             otherwise it will be moved to [error|access|playlist].log.old.
             Default is non-archive mode (i.e. overwrite)
        -->
        <!-- <logarchive>1</logarchive> -->
    </logging>

    <security>
        <chroot>0</chroot>
        <!--
        <changeowner>
            <user>nobody</user>
            <group>nogroup</group>
        </changeowner>
        -->
    </security>
</icecast>
</src>

* MusicPD settings

Here's a MusicPD configuration file that I placed in
=~/.mpd/8bitpeoples.conf=.  There are 2 more of them, similarly
configured, each using a different control port (6600 - 6602).  Again,
commented out parts are removed and passwords have been scrubbed.

<src lang="conf-space-mode">
# MPD CONFIG FILE
# For a full description of all config parameters,
# Check the mpd man page, "man mpd".

##################### REQUIRED ###########################
music_directory 	"/home/mwolson/music/"
playlist_directory 	"/home/mwolson/playlists"
db_file 		"~/.mpd/mpd.db"
log_file 		"~/.mpd/8bitpeoples.log"
error_file 		"~/.mpd/8bitpeoples.error"
pid_file 		"~/.mpd/8bitpeoples.pid"
state_file		"~/.mpd/8bitpeoples.state"
##########################################################

#
# Hack to make MPD work properly, with no audio being sent to the
# system:
#
audio_output {
        type                    "ao"
        driver                  "null"
        name                    "Dummy output"
}

#
# An example of a shout output (for streaming to Icecast):
#
audio_output {
	type		"shout"
	name		"8bitpeoples"
	host		"127.0.0.1"
	port		"8000"
	mount		"/8bitpeoples.ogg"
	password	"password_1"
	quality		"5.0"
#	bitrate		"128"
	format		"44100:16:1"
	user		"source"
	description	"http://www.8bitpeoples.com/ -- Retro electronica"
	genre		"Electronica"
} # end of audio_output

# Software Mixer
mixer_type		"software"

################# REPLAYGAIN #############################
#
# Use Replay Gain (album or track)
#	http://www.replaygain.org
#
replaygain		"track"
#
# Sets the pre-amp used for files that have replaygain
# info.  Valid values are between -15 to 15 (in dB).
#
#replaygain_preamp	"0"
#
##########################################################

# Set this value if you only have one 
# address you want to allow connection to. 
#
bind_to_address                 "127.0.0.1"
port	                        "6601"

# This sets the metadata mpd will use, to disable all metadata, set to "none"
# NOTE: comments are disabled by default
#
metadata_to_use "artist,album,title,genre,date,track,composer,performer,comment"
</src>

* Control scripts

** start-radio

This is a script that is used to restart all of the radio stations.

<src lang="sh">
#!/bin/sh
#
# Usage: start-radio
#
# Assumes that MusicPD settings are in the .mpd directory, and that
# music is located in the $STATION directory, where $STATION
# corresponds with the names of the available stations.

PORT=6600

for i in OCR 8bitpeoples FSF; do
    echo "Starting $i feed ..."
    mpd .mpd/$i.conf
    sleep 1
    export MPD_PORT=$PORT
    export MPD_HOST=localhost
    mpc stop
    echo "Updating database ..."
    mpc update $i
    sleep 5
    mpc clear > /dev/null
    echo "Adding songs ..."
    mpc search filename "$i/" | mpc add > /dev/null
    mpc random on > /dev/null
    mpc repeat on > /dev/null
    mpc play
    PORT=`expr $PORT + 1`
done

echo "Done."
</src>

** restart-station

Here's a script that can be used to restart one particular station, if
it needs to have new songs added to its lineup.

<src lang="sh">
#!/bin/sh
#
# Usage: restart-station <station name>
#
# Assumes that MusicPD settings are in the .mpd directory, and that
# music is located in the $STATION directory, where $STATION
# corresponds with the names of the available stations.

case "$1" in
    OCR )
        port=6600
	;;
    8bitpeoples )
        port=6601
	;;
    FSF )
        port=6602
	;;
    * )
        echo "Usage: restart-station <station>"
        echo "Available stations: OCR 8bitpeoples FSF OpenMusic"
        exit 1
	;;
esac

echo "Restarting $1 station ..."

# kill station
PID=`cat .mpd/$1.pid 2>/dev/null`
[ -n "$PID" ] && kill $PID

# bring station back up
mpd .mpd/$1.conf
sleep 1
export MPD_PORT=$port
export MPD_HOST=localhost

# update song database
echo "Updating database ..."
mpc update $1
sleep 5
mpc clear > /dev/null

# add songs
echo "Adding songs ..."
mpc search filename "$1/" | mpc add > /dev/null
mpc random on >/dev/null
mpc repeat on >/dev/null
mpc play

echo "Done."
</src>

* Going further: a request tracker

It would be neat to see a request tracker that works with MusicPD, so
that listeners can choose a song that they want to hear next.  I
really liked that feature when listening to VGamp (=http://vgamp.com=).
It ought to be reasonably easy to implement, even the parts that
prevent abuse.

It looks like [[https://ampache.bountysource.com/][Ampache]] might be able to do this, along with its
[[https://ampache.bountysource.com/wiki/Features/Icecast2][Democratic Play]] functionality.  I haven't checked it out yet.